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Epigenetics——Protein Arginine Deiminase

Protein arginine deiminase (PAD), is a group of calcium-dependent enzymes, which play crucial roles in citrullination, and can catalyze arginine residues into citrulline. his chemical reaction induces citrullinated proteins formation with altered structure and function, leading to numerous pathological diseases, including inflammation and autoimmune diseases. These pathologies established the PADs as therapeutic targets and multiple PAD inhibitors are known.

Humans encode five PADs, designated PADs 1-4 and PAD6. Of the five PAD isozymes (PAD1, 2, 3, 4 and 6), only four (PADs1-4) are catalytically active. PAD activity is tightly regulated by Ca²⁺ and PADs contain 4 (PAD1), 5 (PAD3, 4) or 6 (PAD2) Ca²⁺-binding sites. Dysregulated PAD activity, most notably PAD2 and PAD4, is associated with multiple inflammatory diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis) as well as cancer, and PAD inhibitors, such as Cl-amidine and BB-Cl-amidine, show efficacy in multiple preclinical animal models of disease.

Epigenetics——Protein Arginine Deiminase(6)

Cat. No.	Product Name	CAS No.	Purity
KM18344	Acefylline Acefylline (Theophyllineacetic acid)，一种黄嘌呤衍生物，是腺苷受体拮抗剂。Acefylline 是蛋白质精氨酸脱亚氨酶 (PAD) 激活剂。Acefylline 也是一种支气管扩张剂，可以抑制大鼠肺 cAMP 磷酸二酯酶同工酶。	652-37-9	98%
KM9652	BB-Cl-Amidine hydrochloride BB-Cl-Amidine hydrochloride 是肽基精氨酸脱胺酶 (PAD)* 的抑制剂。*
KM6253	BMS-P5 free base BMS-P5 free base 是特异性的、具有口服活性的肽精氨酸二亚胺酶 4 (PAD4)* 的抑制剂。BMS-P5 free base 可阻断多发性骨髓瘤诱导的 NET 形成，并延缓肿瘤进程。*	1550371-22-6	98%
KM4334	Cl-amidine hydrochloride Cl-amidine hydrochloride 是口服有效的 PAD 抑制剂，其对 PAD1、PAD3 和 PAD4 的 IC₅₀ 值分别为0.8 μM、 6.2 μM 和 5.9 μM。Cl-amidine hydrochloride 可诱导癌细胞的凋亡。Cl-amidine hydrochloride 可诱导 miR-16 (miRNA-16, microRNA-16)，引起细胞周期阻滞。Cl-Amidine hydrochloride 可阻断组蛋白 3 瓜氨酸化和中性粒细胞胞外陷阱的形成，并提高败血症小鼠的存活率。	1373232-26-8	98%
KM4335	D-Cl-amidine hydrochloride D-Cl-amidine hydrochloride是有效的、高度选择性的 PAD1* 抑制剂。D-Cl-amidine 耐受性好、无明显毒性。*
KM4322	GSK484 hydrochloride GSK484 hydrochloride 是一种有效且可逆的肽酰基精氨酸脱亚氨酶 4 (PAD4) 抑制剂。GSK484 hydrochloride 高亲和力与 PAD4 结合，在不存在钙的情况下 IC₅₀ 为 50 nM。在 2 mM 钙的存在下，IC₅₀ 为 250 nM。	1652591-81-5	98%