Ganirelix is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GNRHR) antagonist (IC = 3.6 nM; pA = 9.3). It induces a concentration-dependent increase in histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro (EC = 11 μg/ml). In vivo, ganirelix (2 mg/kg, s.c.) decreases plasma testosterone in intact male rats for the first 7 days post-administration. Ganirelix (125 μg per day for 30 days) decreases the surface area of endometriotic lesions and serum progesterone levels in female baboons. Formulations containing ganirelix have been used to prevent premature ovulation in women undergoing in vitro fertilization.
Ganirelix acetate (Ganirest) is a competitive and selective gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. Ganirelix acetate blocks endogenous GnRH-induced release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone. Ganirelix acetate antagonizes Prostaglandin E2 (HY-101952)-induced detrusor overactivity and enhances Carbachol (HY-B1208)-induced detrusor contraction. Ganirelix acetate is applicable to research related to female infertility and detrusor overactivity[1][2].
IC50&Target
GnRH
体外研究
Ganirelix (1 nM-1 μM) acetate had no effect on Carbachol induced or nerve induced detrusor muscle contractions in female rat bladder specimens in vitro[2].
体内研究
Ganirelix (0.1 mg/kg; subcutaneous injection; Daily administration of medication; Acetate can reduce plasma LH levels in female rats for 14 consecutive days, significantly alleviate prostaglandin E2 induced overactivity of the detrusor muscle, and enhance high concentration Carbachol induced detrusor muscle contraction [2].
Ganirelix (1.4 mg/L; intravesical administration; Single dose administration of acetate can regulate normal urinary function in female rats by prolonging the interval between urination, increasing urine output and bladder capacity, while reducing baseline urodynamic pressure, threshold urodynamic pressure, and maximum urodynamic pressure parameters; Its reduction in flow pressure did not reach statistical significance [2].
[1]. Gustofson RL, et al. Ganirelix acetate causes a rapid reduction in estradiol levels without adversely affecting oocyte maturation in women pretreated with leuprolide acetate who are at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2006;21(11):2830-2837.
[2]. Russo A. et al. Effects of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist ganirelix on normal micturtion and prostaglandin E(2)-induced detrusor overactivity in conscious female rats. Eur Urol. 2011;59(5):868-874.