Bivalirudin is an inhibitor of α- and ζ-thrombin (Ks = 2.56 and 1.84 nM, respectively), enzymes that exhibit high fibrinogen-clotting activities. It is selective for α- and ζ-thrombin, lacking activity at trypsin and γ-thrombin, which lacks clotting activity, at a >1,000-fold excess of bivalirudin. Bivalirudin inhibits α-thrombin-stimulated activation of the clotting factors Factor X, Factor V, and prothrombin in contact-activated plasma at a concentration of 0.1 μM. Administration of bivalirudin (0.5-1.5 mg/kg, i.v.) reduces platelet deposition in a rat carotid endarterectomy model in a dose-dependent manner. Formulations containing bivalirudin have been used to prevent ischemic events during angioplasty for thrombus-containing lesions.
Bivalirudin, a hirudin analog and anticoagulant, is a direct thrombin inhibitor. Bivalirudin inhibits thrombin-mediated fibrinogen cleavage, coagulation factor activation, and platelet activation by reversibly binding to thrombin. In addition, Bivalirudin also has certain effects of anti-virus, anti-inflammation, and vascular endothelial barrier function protection. Bivalirudin can be used for the research of thrombotic diseases and others[1].
IC50&Target
IL-6 IL-5
体外研究
Bivalirudin (30 μg/mL; 10 min) inhibited the increase in S1PR2 expression and cell permeability induced by Thrombin in HUVECs, and reversed the abnormal distribution of cytoskeletal proteins and β - catenin [1].
Western Blot Analysis
Cell Line:
HUVECs treated Thrombin
Concentration:
30 μg/mL
Incubation Time:
10 min
Result:
Inhibited the level of S1PR2.
体内研究
Bivalirudin (2 mg/kg; intravenous injection; Once every other day; 2 weeks) exhibits anti respiratory syncytial virus activity in newborn C57BL/6 mice [2].
Bivalirudin (2 mg/kg; intravenous injection; Single dose can inhibit thrombus formation in mice.
Animal Model:
C57BL/6 mice aged 5-7 days old treated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Dosage:
2 mg/kg
Administration:
Intravenous injection; every other day; 2 weeks
Result:
Significantly reduced cellular infiltration, inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-5, IL-6, CXCL1), and abnormal clotting parameters (e.g., D-dimer, soluble thrombomodulin) in RSV-infected lungs.
Normalized viral copy numbers and reversed histopathological changes such as nuclear pyknosis in pneumocytes.
Animal Model:
P2Y12-- and WT mice with thrombosis induced by perfusion through type III collagen- or tissue factor-coated capillary chambers, and P2Y12+- mice with mesenteric artery injury induced by 12.5% FeCl3 solution
Dosage:
2 mg/kg
Administration:
Intravenous injection; single dose
Result:
Significantly inhibited thrombus volume in P2Y12-- mice in the type III collagen-induced thrombosis model but had no significant effect in wild-type mice.
Inhibited thrombosis in both WT and P2Y12-- mice in the tissue factor-induced thrombosis model.
Delayed the time of thrombus appearance and vessel occlusion, but could not completely prevent vessel occlusion in wild-type mice in the FeCl3-induced mesenteric artery injury model in P2Y12+- mice.
分子式
C98H138N24O33
分子量
2180.29
CAS号
128270-60-0
中文名称
比伐卢定
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
[1]. Ye H, et al. Bivalirudin Attenuates Thrombin-Induced Endothelial Hyperpermeability via S1P/S1PR2 Category: Original Articles. Front Pharmacol. 2021 Aug 3;12:721200.
[2]. Zhuang S, et al. Bivalirudin exerts antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus-induced lung infections in neonatal mice. Acta Pharm. 2022 Apr 13;72(3):415-425.