Ketorolac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and a non-selective COX inhibitor (IC = 20 nM for both COX-1 and COX-2). It prevents increases in paw swelling, increases paw withdrawal latency in a hot-plate test, and decreases prostaglandin E (PGE) levels in paw tissue in a mouse model of carrageenan-induced inflammation when administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg. Ketorolac is a racemic mixture containing the active (S)-ketorolac and inactive (R)-ketorolac enantiomers. Formulations containing ketorolac have been used to manage postoperative pain and as ophthalmic solutions to treat ocular pain and inflammation.