Ripasudil (K-115) is a potent inhibitor of ROCK, with IC50s of 19 and 51 nM for ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. Ripasudil also shows less potent inhibitory activities against CaMKIIα, PKACα and PKC, with IC50s of 370 nM, 2.1 μM and 27 μM, respectively. Ripasudil (K-115; 1, 10 μM) induces cytoskeletal changes, including retraction and cell rounding and reduced actin bundles of cultured trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Ripasudil (5 μM) sifnificantly reduces transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and increases FITC-dextran permeability in Schlemm’s canal endothelial (SCE) cell monolayers.