Infusion with Neuronostatin-13 human delays glucose clearance in the rat model, such that blood glucose levels in Neuronostatin-13 human-treated animals are significantly higher at 1 and 10 min following intra-arterial injection of a glucose bolus. Chocardiographic measurement reveals a remarkable drop in heart rate after 3-, 6- and 12-hr of Neuronostatin-13 human challenge. In addition, Neuronostatin-13 human treatment significantly decreases left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and fractional shortening without affecting left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) between 6 and 12 hrs following Neuronostatin-13 human challenge, the effect of which returns to basal level 18-hr after Neuronostatin-13 human treatment.