Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.
There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.
Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.
| Cat. No. | Product Name | CAS No. | Purity | Chemical Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KM7718 |
Batabulin
Batabulin (T138067) 是一种抗肿瘤剂，可与 β-微管蛋白同种型的子集共价且选择性地结合，从而破坏微管 (microtubule) 聚合。Batabulin 影响细胞形态并导致细胞周期停滞，最终诱导凋亡性细胞死亡。 |
195533-53-0 | 98% |
|
| KM7719 |
Batabulin sodium
Batabulin sodium (T138067 sodium) 是一种抗肿瘤剂，可与 β-微管蛋白同种型的子集共价且选择性地结合，从而破坏微管 (microtubule) 聚合。Batabulin sodium 影响细胞形态并导致细胞周期停滞，最终诱导凋亡性细胞死亡。 |
195533-98-3 | 98% |
|
| KM3540 |
BAY 11-7082
BAY 11-7082 (BAY 11-7821) 是一种 IκBα 磷酸化和 NF-κB 抑制剂，选择性且不可逆地抑制 TNF-α 诱导的 IκB-α 磷酸化，并减少 NF-κB 和粘附分子的表达。BAY 11-7082 抑制泛素特异性蛋白酶 USP7 和 USP21 (IC50分别为 0.19, 0.96 μM)。BAY 11-7082 抑制脂质体中的 gasdermin D (GSDMD) 孔形成以及炎性体介导的细胞凋亡和人和小鼠细胞中IL-1β的分泌。 |
19542-67-7 | 98% |
|
| KM4415 |
BAY 11-7085
BAY 11-7085 (BAY 11-7083) 是 NF-κB 激活和 IκBα 磷酸化的抑制剂，稳定 IκBα 的 IC50 值为 10 μM。 |
196309-76-9 | 98% |
|
| KM7439 |
BAY 61-3606 dihydrochloride
BAY 61-3606 dihydrochloride 是一种口服有效的，ATP 竞争性的，可逆的选择性 Syk 抑制剂，Ki 为 7.5 nM，IC50 为 10 nM。BAY 61-3606 dihydrochloride 降低神经母细胞瘤细胞中的 ERK1/2 和 Akt 磷酸化。BAY 61-3606 dihydrochloride 降低 K-rn 细胞裂解物中 Syk 磷酸化。Bay 61-3606 dihydrochloride 作用于乳腺癌细胞，通过下调 Mcl-1 促进 TRAIL 诱导的细胞凋亡。 |
648903-57-5 | 98% |
|
| KM7463 |
BAY1082439
BAY1082439 是一种具有口服活性的，选择性 PI3Kα/β/δ 抑制剂。BAY1082439 也能抑制 PIK3CA 的突变形式，BAY1082439 对抑制 Pten 丢失的前列腺癌的生长有很强的作用。 |
1375469-38-7 | 98% |
|
| KE7621 | BC-1258 | 1507370-40-2 | ≥95% |
|
| KM19164 |
Bendamustine hydrochloride
Bendamustine hydrochloride (SDX-105)，一种嘌呤类似物，是一种 DNA 交联剂。Bendamustine hydrochloride 可激活 DNA 损伤反应和细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。Bendamustine hydrochloride 具有有效的烷基化，抗癌和抗代谢作用。 |
3543-75-7 | 98% |
|
| KG13030 | Benomyl | 17804-35-2 | >90% |
|
| KM15601 |
Benzbromarone
Benzbromarone 是一种非常有效且耐受性良好的非竞争性黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂, 用作排尿酸剂, 研究痛风。 |
3562-84-3 | 98% |
|
| KM18973 |
Benzyl isothiocyanate
Benzyl isothiocyanate 是一种天然异硫氰酸酯，具有杀菌活性。Benzyl isothiocyanate 能有效抑制小鼠黑色素瘤细胞的迁移、迁移和侵袭性及 MMP-2 活性。 |
622-78-6 | ≥98% |
|
| KM19040 |
Berbamine dihydrochloride
Berbamine dihydrochloride 是一种 NF-κB 抑制剂，具有显着的抗骨髓瘤疗效。 |
6078-17-7 | 95% |
|
| KM13961 |
Bergenin
Bergenin 是一种细胞保护和抗氧化多酚在许多药用植物中发现。Bergenin 具有广泛的保肝、抗炎、免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒以及抗真菌作用。 |
477-90-7 | 98% |
|
| KM19354 |
beta-Mangostin
beta-Mangostin (β-Mangostin) 是存在 Cratoxylum arborescens 中的一种氧杂蒽酮化合物，具有抗菌和抗疟疾活性。beta-Mangostin 对结核分枝杆菌作用的 MIC 值为 6.25 μg/mL。beta-Mangostin 具有体外抗疟活性，对恶性疟原虫作用的 IC50 值为 3.00 μg/mL。beta-Mangostin 对各种癌症 (如肝细胞癌、白血病) 具有强大的抗癌活性。 |
20931-37-7 | 98% |
|
| KM15612 |
Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%) 主要包括 β-谷甾醇 (≥80%)、豆甾醇、菜油甾醇和菜籽甾醇。Beta-Sitosterol 是一种植物甾醇。Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%) 会干扰多种细胞信号通路，包括细胞周期，细胞凋亡，增殖，存活，侵袭，血管生成和炎症等。 |
83-46-5 | ≥80% |
|
| KM20144 | Beta-Zearalanol | 42422-68-4 |
|
|
| KM4142 |
Betamethasone
Betamethasone 是一种合成糖皮质激素，具有抗炎和免疫抑制活性。Betamethasone 可加速胎儿肺成熟并诱导基因表达和细胞凋亡。 |
378-44-9 | 98% |
|
| KM6199 |
BETd-260
BETd-260 (ZBC 260) 是由Cereblon配体和BET配体相连的PROTAC，在白血病细胞 RS4;11 中，在 30 pM 的低浓度下，能够降低 BRD4 蛋白活性。BETd-260 能显著抑制肝细胞癌 HCC 细胞的活性并诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。 |
2093388-62-4 | 98% |
|
| KM14089 |
Betulin
Betulin是一种SREBP抑制剂，在K562细胞中的IC50值是14.5 μM。 |
473-98-3 | ≥98% |
|
| KM6345 |
Betulinic acid
Betulinic acid 是一种天然的五环三萜类化合物，为真核细胞拓扑异构酶 I (topoisomerase I) 的抑制剂，IC50 值为 5 μM，具有抗炎，抗疟疾，抗艾滋病和抗肿瘤等活性。Betulinic acid 也是一种新的 NF-kB 的激动剂。 |
472-15-1 | ≥98% |
|
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