Ganglioside G is a monosialoganglioside that demonstrates antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in tumor cells by modulating cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. It suppresses angiogenesis and reduces proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) when used at a concentration of 20 μM via inhibition of VEGFR2 and Akt phosphorylation. Ganglioside G induces dissociation of the insulin receptor-caveolin-1 complex from lipid microdomains, functioning as an inhibitor of insulin signaling and contributing to insulin resistance in adipocytes. Ganglioside G mixture contains ganglioside G molecular species with C18:1 and C20:1 sphingoid backbones.