SRT 1720 (10, 30, 100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduces the hyperinsulinaemia after 4 weeks, partially normalizing elevated insulin levels similar to rosiglitazone treatment. SRT 1720 treatment significantly reduces fasting blood glucose to near normal levels in Lep mice. SRT 1720 has ability to protect against the negative effects of diet-induced obesity in mice, and has a connection to metabolic adaptation in fatty acid and oxidative metabolism through downstream targets of SIRT1 such as PGC1α and FOXO1. SRT 1720 (50-100 mg/kg, p.o.), during emphysema development attenuates elastase-induced airspace enlargement and lung function impairment as well as reduces arterial oxygen saturation in WT mice.