Amlexanox (AA673; Amoxanox; CHX3673) is a specific inhibitor of IKKε and TBK1, and inhibits the IKKε and TBK1 activity determined by MBP phosphorylation with an IC50 of approximately 1-2 μM.
IC50&Target
IKKε
1-2 μM (IC50)
TBK1
1-2 μM (IC50)
体外研究
Amlexanox increases phosphorylation of TBK1 on Ser172 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and blocks polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C)-stimulated phosphorylation of interferon responsive factor-3 (IRF3), a presumed substrate of IKKε and TBK1. Amlexanox potently inhibits the release of histamine and leukotrienes from mast cells, basophils and neutrophils in in vitro settings, possibly through increasing intracellular cyclic AMP content in inflammatory cells, a mem-brane-stabilising effect or inhibition of calcium influx. In primary bone marrow derived macrophages (BMMs), amlexanox inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption. At the molecular level, amlexanox suppresses RANKL-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), c-Fos and NFATc1. Amlexanox decreases the expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including TRAP, MMP9, Cathepsin K and NFATc1.
体内研究
Amlexanox (100 mg/kg, p.o.) prevents and reverses diet-induced or genetic obesity, and produces reversible weight loss in obese mice. Amlexanox also causes a significant decrease in adipose tissue mass in these mice, and an increase in circulating adiponectin. Amlexanox (25 mg/kg) significantly improves insulin sensitivity in mice with established DIO, and after four weeks of treatment, amlexanox produces marked improvements in glucose. Amlexanox before the first application of the paste and at each has been shown to suppress both immediate and evaluation thereafter. A categorical scale is also delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Amlexanox (20 mg/kg) enhances osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs. In ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model, amlexanox prevents OVX-induced bone loss by suppressing osteoclast activity.
分子式
C16H14N2O4
分子量
298.29
CAS号
68302-57-8
中文名称
氨来呫诺;氨来占司;安来诺克司;氨来占诺
运输条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.